EMBROIDARY AND HANDWORK SKILLS

Basic Embroidery Stitches

Embroidery is the art of decorating fabric with needle and thread. Several basic embroidery stitches form the foundation for more complex designs. Running stitch, back stitch, chain stitch, French knot, satin stitch, and lazy daisy are some of the most widely used stitches. Each stitch has its purpose, from creating outlines to adding texture and filling in shapes. Running stitch is often used for outlining shapes, while the satin stitch is perfect for solidly filling in shapes with smooth, glossy coverage.

Thread Embroidery Techniques

Thread embroidery uses different types of threads and techniques to create elaborate, textured designs. Silk thread embroidery is known for its luxurious finish and sheen, often used in bridal or high-end fashion. Cotton thread embroidery is more common in everyday wear and offers versatility. Zari and Zardozi are forms of intricate embroidery that use metallic threads, often in gold or silver, to create rich and opulent designs. Tinsel work, which uses fine metallic threads, can add a decorative touch to garments.

Beadwork and Sequins

Beadwork and sequins are popular in both casual and formal wear, adding shine, elegance, and sparkle to the design. Bead embroidery involves sewing beads onto fabric in intricate patterns, while sequins are small, flat, shiny discs stitched onto fabric to create a reflective effect. Bugle beads, which are tube-shaped, add dimension and depth to designs and are commonly used to embellish sarees, evening gowns, and accessories.

Applique Work

Appliqué is a technique that involves attaching pieces of fabric onto a base fabric to create patterns or designs. Machine appliqué is done using a sewing machine, while hand appliqué requires more intricate handwork. Reverse appliqué is another variation where the top layer of fabric is cut away to reveal the fabric underneath, often creating a contrasting effect with thread work.

Mirror Work

Mirror work is a traditional technique used in Indian, Pakistani, and Middle Eastern fashion, where small mirrors are sewn into fabric, surrounded by embroidery. This technique adds a reflective, jewel-like effect to garments and is often used in festive and bridal wear. The mirrors are usually stitched into geometric or floral patterns, making them stand out.

Cutwork

Cutwork is a delicate form of handwork where portions of fabric are cut away, and the edges are stitched to prevent fraying. This technique creates lace-like designs that are often used in evening wear, blouses, and dresses. While machine cutwork is faster and more precise, hand-cutwork results in more intricate and delicate designs.